Pro-Soviet Iraqi socialists gained power in Iraq Iraq Iraq
As soon as the Iraqi socialists came to power, they started claiming parts of the Iranian province of Khuzestan Iran
Map of Khuzestan
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khuzestan_Province#/media/File:Locator_map_Iran_Khuzestan_Province.png
Map of Oil (black) and Natural Gas (red) Reserves of the Middle East
Another great problem between the Iraqis and the Iranians is the Shatt al-Arab River, which is the confluence of Tiger and Euphrates, and constitutes the border between Iran and Iraq
Map Shatt al-Arab River
Saddam Hussein was a strong member of the socialist Baath Party, and managed to rise to power in 1979. It was the period when the previous President of Iraq, Hassan al-Bakr, was discussing with the socialist President of Syria, Hafez al-Assad, the possibility of uniting Syria and Iraq , so that the Iraqis could send their oil to the Europe through Syria
Saddam Hussein was afraid that the powerful Hafez al-Assad would be in charge of the new country, and threatened and forced Hassan al Bakr to resign, and he became the President of Iraq in 1979. Saddam Hussein and Hafez al-Assad continued the negotiations, but they did not reach a final agreement, because the Iraqis wanted the Iraqi army in Syria
I have to say that the Assad-Hussein plan of the 70s was a humble imitation of Gamal Nasser’s plan in the 60s. Gamal Nasser, the socialist leader of Egypt , wanted Egypt to conquer Israel and Syria to conquer Lebanon , in order to unite the coasts of East Mediterranean Sea, which would allow Egypt and Syria to earn big commissions from the Arabs of the Persian Gulf, in order to allow them to export their oil to Europe . That’s why relations between Egypt and Israel , and relations between Syria and Lebanon Syria and Lebanon have not managed to fully normalize their relations, even though there is so much pressure on them by Iran Iran now wants to export its oil through Syria and Lebanon
Now Iran is Israel
The Israeli victory of 1967 in reality was a victory of the Iranians and the Israelis against the Arabs. At the time the Israelis and the Iranians wanted to construct the Eilat-Ashkelon Pipeline, which would send oil to Europe through Israel , avoiding the Suez Canal and Egypt Israel from the Red Sea, but Israel attacked Egypt Israel holding 50% of the shares, and Iran
“Eilat Ashkelon Pipeline Company”
1η Παράγραφος
The Eilat Ashkelon Pipeline Company (EAPC) operates several petroleum and petroleum productspipelines in Israel, most notably the Eilat Ashkelon Pipeline. It also operates two oil terminal and depots in the country. The company was originally formed in 1968 as a 50/50% joint venture between Israel and Iran (during the Shah's rule) to transport crude oil from Iran to Europe
Map Israel-Iran Eilat-Ashkelon
For more information about the intra-Arab war for oil see “The Intra-Arab War for Oil 1950-1970”
Saddam Hussein, a Sunni Muslim, even though he was a socialist, he had to face domestically a much larger Shiite majority, which could also be influenced by Iran Iraq
At the following map you can see with green the Shiite regions, with pink the Sunni regions, and with brown the Kurdish ones.
Map Iraq
The Iraqi socialists found out that the socialist model was not working as well as expected, and they started using Sunni Islamism too, in order to counter weight the Shiite element of Iraq
Saddam Hussein used what the New York Times call “Baathi-Salafism” i.e. a combination of socialism and Islamism. Saddam even introduced parts of the Islamic Law (Sharia) i.e. hands were cut-off from thieves, homosexuals were thrown from tall buildings etc. Moreover, due to the economic sanctions that were imposed on Saddam Hussein by the West, Saddam developed a sophisticated smuggling network, in order to send Iraqi oil to neighboring countries. This network was based to many mosques that were used as intermediaries. Today the ISIS of Iraq is using the same networks that were built by Saddam Hussein. See New York Times How Saddam Hussein Gave Us ISIS”, January 2016.
Therefore the Sunni Islamists of Iraq, who are today supported either by Turkey or by the Arabs of the Persian Gulf , are mainly the Islamists who were trained by Saddam Hussein. Especially after the Gulf War of 1991, when Saddam was defeated by the West, and his army was greatly weakened, and the Shiites and the Kurds revolted, Saddam Hussein used even more radicalized forms of Islam. For the Shiite uprisings of Iraq
Therefore the Sunni Islamist militants supported by Turkey and the Arabs in Iraq
Articles
“How Saddam Hussein Gave Us ISIS ”, January 2016
“Flashback: the 1991 Iraqi revolt”, August 2007
“Saddam has Koran written in his blood”, December 2002
“Iraq–Syria relations”
5th, 6th , 7th Paragraphs
By October 1978, Iraq President, Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr began working closely with Assad to foil the Camp David Accords; signing in Baghdad a charter for Joint National Action which provided for the "closest form of unity ties" including "complete military unity" as well as "economic, political and cultural unification".[3]
In 1978 Iraqi President Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr and Hafez al-Assad, had agreed to a plan and started to make treaties that would lead to the unification of Iraq and Syria
Unity talks did continue between Assad and Hussein after July 1979, but Assad rejected Iraqi demands for a full merger between the two states and for the immediate deployment of Iraq troops into Syria Israel
“Eilat Ashkelon Pipeline Company”
1st Paragraph
The Eilat Ashkelon Pipeline Company (EAPC) operates several petroleum and petroleum productspipelines in Israel, most notably the Eilat Ashkelon Pipeline. It also operates two oil terminal and depots in the country. The company was originally formed in 1968 as a 50/50% joint venture between Israel and Iran (during the Shah's rule) to transport crude oil from Iran to Europe
“The Truth About the US Invasion of Iraq
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